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第十一品无为福胜分须菩提如恒河

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中所有沙数如是沙等恒河

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于意云何是诸恒河沙

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宁为多不须菩提言甚多

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世尊但诸恒河尚多无数何况

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其沙须菩提我今实言告

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汝若有善男子善女人以七宝

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满尔所恒河沙数三千大千世界以用布施

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得福多不须菩提言甚多世尊

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佛告须菩提若善男子善女人

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于此经中乃至受持四句偈

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等为他人说而此福德胜

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前福德不可数的福今天金刚经

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说到第十一品了是无为福胜

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分这个题目虽然都是后世加的

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但是重点都标出来了无为福

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属于清福之类无为福胜就是

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说清净的福气高过世间一切

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功名富贵的福气胜就是超过超越

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的意思上一品讲到大

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身的问题就是指一切众生的

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生命肉身后面那个形而上的

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根本的身叫做法身不生不死的大

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身现在就转到福气的问题

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人要找到自己生命的本源得到

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那个不生不死的大身那是需要

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多大的福气啊这个福气是

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无为之福这一品就是

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讨论这个问题须菩提如恒河中所有

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沙数如是沙等恒河于意

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云何是诸恒河沙宁为

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多不须菩提言甚多世尊但

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诸恒河尚多无数何况其沙

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恒河是印度一个主要的大河就

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像中国的黄河一样现在佛提出来

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一个问题恒河里头沙子有多少数

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也数不清多到没有办法

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计算这是第一句的一个观念第二个

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观念如是沙等恒河还有很多条恒河

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像恒河沙那么多条的河

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这是第二个观念于意云何你

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的意思看看是诸恒河沙是

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所有这么多条恒河里头的沙子

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宁为多不是不是很多须菩提言

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甚多世尊须菩提就说了世尊

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佛啊这当然很多很多啦佛

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又说但诸恒河尚多无数

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何况其沙这个世界里我们这个

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宇宙里在印度是看到一条恒河

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在中国还有一条黄河呢在欧洲

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或其他各地都有一条极大的

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河很多像这样的大河还多

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得很这里我们看到两个观念第一个

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就是佛说的三千大千世界佛的

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世界宇宙观每一个宇宙里河流多少

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佛经上常说我没有办法告诉

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你因为你们的知识不够无法了解

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过去我们听了好像说空话现在因为

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科学的证明就晓得他所说

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是老实话其次第二点他就告诉

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须菩提像恒河一样的河流都多

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得数不清了何况每一条河流

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的沙子呢更数不清了

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须菩提我今实言告汝讲

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到这里他又叫一声须菩提

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我老实告诉你若有善男子善

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女人以七宝满尔所恒河沙数三千大千世界

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以用布施得福多不这几句

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话连起来是一个问题我现在

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要老实告诉你假定现在所有世界

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上不管男的女的用人世间

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最贵重的七宝满尔所装

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满了你所住的这个像

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恒河沙数多的三千大千世界都拿来布施

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给人家救济世界上所有的众生

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你想这个大好人得福多不

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多他所得的善报多不多

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须菩提言甚多世尊这当然太

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大了这个人做了这样的

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善事这福报太大了受持

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四句偈佛告须菩提若善男子

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善女人于此经中乃至受持

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四句偈等为他人说而此

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福德胜前福德这就很严重

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了他说假使这个世界上有

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一个善人对于金刚经的内容完全了解

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了乃至受持这两个字特别注意

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啊意思是接受了并且照着经典

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上去修持进一步说对于金刚经的道理

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义理了解了功夫证到了有所

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领受道理上领受没有用是真

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的懂了佛法身心有感受有

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转变了这个才叫受光是受

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还不算数要永恒保持那个状况

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那个境界所以叫做受持受持

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二字不要随便把它看过去

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了有人天天一卷金刚经也叫

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受持那是普通的因为念完

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金刚经你就不管了如果懂了

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经的扼要等于吃饭吃菜一样

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最精华的营养已经吸收到了

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用不着管那些渣子金刚经中也讲

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过佛所说的法像过河

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的船一样你已经过了河

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这个船就不要了你金刚经不

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念都没有关系就是要你

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真懂得那才叫受持假使有

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这样一个人不要说受持全部的金刚经

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只要中间的四句偈能够真正领悟

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了有所领受而保持境界然后再

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来教导别人为他人解说这个人

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的福报比用全宇宙财宝布施

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的福报还要大这个很严重啊

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这样说来那讲金刚经的人福报

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就大得不得了啦大得没有

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办法装了连宇宙都装不

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下了吧这个福报是无为之

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福清净的福可不是世间的鸿福

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关于这个四句偈等前面已经提

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过是千古以来研究金刚经经常问

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的因为金刚经四句偈不止一个经里头

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好的句子都是四句连起来的

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没有说究竟是哪个四句偈这是

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一个大问题我们可以告诉年轻人作

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参考我的话不一定对你们诸位

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用自己的般若去参究佛

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说过的他说的话不

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算数他的话就是医生开

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的药方治你的病你的

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病治好以后如果你还捏

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着这个药方不放那你就

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变疯子了这是金刚经里他自己

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讲的禅宗各宗各派经常

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提到一句话要离四句绝百非

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这样才能够研究佛法离开了四句

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绝掉了百非一切都不对

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都要把它放掉

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离四句绝百非也就是一切的

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否定那四句也在金刚经上也

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不在金刚经上就是空有亦

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空亦有非空非有这

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四句世界上的事情道理都是相对

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的正反不正不反即

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正即反所以说离四句绝

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百非才是真正受持了金刚经

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的要义四句偈的道理就是

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这个要义这一品是说明无为

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福的重要也就是说学佛修道的结果

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是求无为之果中文翻译叫

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无为梵文就叫涅槃涅槃就是

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无为的意思无为之道就是

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最上等的成就从这一点

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说起来大家在那里打坐做功夫可不是

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无为啊相反的那是非常有为

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在那里打坐做功夫深怕功夫

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掉了深怕境界跑了有时候

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偶然来一点清净把清净抓得

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比七宝还要牢深怕清净跑

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掉了有些人打坐两个眼睛看

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着地下我在年轻的时候就

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过来问你丢了什么东西他

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说没有丢什么呀我说那

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你为什么老是盯在地上看好像

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东西掉了一样可见多数人都在

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有为之中达不到无为真达到

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了无为那就是成道的境界

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资粮那么要怎么样才能成道呢

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要依循行为上的善行成就福德

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成就自然可以成道所以学佛只有两种

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要事一个是智慧资粮一个是福德

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资粮譬如我们现在研究金刚经以及所有

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的佛经都是找智慧就是储备

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智慧的资粮诸恶莫作众善奉行是

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找福德的资粮智慧不够不能成道

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虽有智慧福报不够也不能成道

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但是在这个有缺陷的世界上

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没有一个人的人生是圆满的

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假使圆满他就早死掉了

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因为佛称的娑婆世界是一个缺陷

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的世界所以要保留一点缺陷才

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好曾国藩到晚年也很了解这个

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道理他自己的书房叫做求缺

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斋一切太满足了是很可怕

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的希望求到一点缺陷因此在

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这个有缺陷的世界有福报的

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人没有智慧有智慧的人没有福报书

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读得好的多半是福报差

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一点命运好一点的人多半在

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知识上少一点有了这一面

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就少掉那一面要想什么

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都归了你那只有成佛才

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行可是成佛求的不是这个福报

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而是无为之福无为之福是

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很难的现在看无为福胜的

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偈子第十一品偈颂万斛珠量斗

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富豪江山无主月轮高娑婆泪

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海三千界争入空王眼睫毛这是

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我给这一品的结论这个

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偈子的意思就是说古代有钱的

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人用斗量珠斗那些豪富

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譬如魏晋时候一个有名的大富豪

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叫石崇家里财产不晓得有多少

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金刚钻珍珠都是用斗来量有钱人

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家都爱跟别人比斗自己的

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财产就是万斛珠量斗富豪

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在普通人眼里这个人福气大

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有那么多财产不过有人比他

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还厉害就是皇帝如果皇帝发

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了脾气的话一概没收他也就

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没有了所以皇帝的福报比他

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还要大江山无主月轮高但是

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我们看看历史大福报的皇帝们

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现在都过去了也没有了这个江山

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世界谁能够做得了主啊一代

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一代一个一个都换过去了但是

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几千年前那个月亮今天出来明天还是

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出来汉朝出来唐朝还是出来它管

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你世界上的人闹些什么

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以帝王之富贵也不过是一场春梦娑婆

220
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泪海三千界可是这个世界上

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的众生对于富贵的福报看得很

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重由生追求到死到死

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还不肯放手所以常啼菩萨永远

224
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在哭悲痛这个众生的愚痴愚蠢

225
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这个世界叫娑婆世界娑婆泪海啊

226
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个个都是可怜人争入空王

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眼睫毛空王就是释迦牟尼佛成佛了

228
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的人称空王成了空王的人

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眼睛这么一眨看一下一切皆

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空一万年的历史也是弹指过去了这

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一切的富贵像灰尘一样的过去了

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但是要想证到这个道果

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就要超越人世间的福德要有真正

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大福报的人才能了解金刚经的

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经义有智慧成就的人才能成佛

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由此我们可以了解这一品里

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所讲的福德才是真正的福德

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是智慧的福德大智慧就是

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大福德这个智慧的福德不是钱

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可以买的世界上最值钱的

241
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东西也最不值钱最值钱的

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东西没有价钱智慧是绝对无价

243
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但是智慧也一毛钱都不值这就

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是佛常说的众生颠倒争

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入空王眼睫毛大家争先恐后的想

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成佛