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第三品大乘正宗分佛告须菩提诸

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菩萨摩诃萨应如是降伏其心所有

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一切众生之类若卵生若胎生若湿

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生若化生若有色若无色

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若有想若无想若非有

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想非无想我皆令入

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无余涅槃而灭度之如是灭度

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无量无数无边众生实无众生得灭度

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者何以故须菩提若菩萨有

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我相人相众生相寿者

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相即非菩萨一切众生佛告须菩提

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诸菩萨摩诃萨应如是降伏其心

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佛告诉须菩提当你问怎么样安心

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时就安心了佛过了许久

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看须菩提还是不懂没有办法只好退而求其次第二步

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再来讲一讲因为那个时机

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过去了禅宗所谓机这个禅机过去了

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须菩提没有懂现在第二步来讲了

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佛说我告诉你一切菩萨摩诃萨

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摩诃的中文意思是大一切大菩萨

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们古代也有将菩萨翻成大士

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或者开士表示是开悟的人所以

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我们的白衣大士就是白衣菩萨摩诃萨

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是唐宋以后念的真正梵文

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发音是马哈诃字念成哈

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字在座很多客家的同学客家话广东话

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闽南话比较接近唐音国语反而距离

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很远了佛说菩萨摩诃萨是

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倒装的文句就是一切大菩萨们

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应如是降伏其心应该有一个

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方法把自己的心降伏下去什么

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方法呢他说所有一切众生之类现在

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先解释什么叫众生佛经里众生

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这个名词庄子先说过一切有

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生命的东西谓之众生并不是单指人

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人不过是众生的一种一切的动物

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生物乃至细菌有生命的动物都是

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众生有灵性的生命有感情有

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知觉生命的动物就是众生的

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正报所以众生不是光指人佛

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要教化一切众生慈爱一切众生对好的

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要慈悲对坏的更要慈悲

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好人要度要教化坏人更要

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教化天堂的人要度地狱里

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的更可怜更要度这是佛法

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的精神所以说要度一切众生一切

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两个字是没有范围的任何东西

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都在一切之内不过讲到众生

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这个名词使我想起几十年以前的

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一桩事那次在成都四川大学讲中国

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哲学提到佛法讲众生有一个学生

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就提出来问植物及矿物有没有

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包括在众生里头我说那是

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众生的依报不是正报依报

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是附属的同我们有连带关系

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他说譬如含羞草你不能说它

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没有灵性我问他学什么的他

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说他是学农的我说

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你学农的问这个问题有点

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奇了我那个时候年纪还轻

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比较爱弄玄虚就说既然学农

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的应该知道含羞草根里头有一

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水泡人手的热气一接触水就

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下降叶子就像怕羞一样缩下去

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了这是机械性并不是情感也不是知觉

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其实这是头一天晚上跟一个学农

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的教授讨论含羞草听来的也

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可以说佛法有灵知道第二天有人

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会问这个问题吧谭子化书

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所有一切众生之类若卵生若胎生若

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湿生若化生若有色若

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无色若有想若无想若非

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有想非无想我皆令

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入无余涅槃而灭度之现在

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佛学提出来众生佛把一切的

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生命分成十二类第一是卵生像鸟

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鸡鸭等都是属于卵生胎生是

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指人马及各种由胞胎里

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生的湿生包括了鱼蚊子

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苍蝇等化生就是变化的

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东西如蝉蜕蜻蜓蝴蝶等又照

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中国古老的传说真假不能确定海里的鲨鱼

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活到几百年以上会跳到沙滩

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上一变就是鹿长一个

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头角的鹿这些都是化生中国化

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生的书几乎没有人肯去

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研究道藏里有一本书就叫做

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化书作者是谭子名谭峭他

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学佛也学道是有名的

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神仙谭峭的父亲是唐朝的官

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也就是唐朝唯一大学的校长地位很

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高只有谭峭一个儿子可是谭峭十几岁

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离家出走他父亲丢了这个儿子

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很难过后来过了一二十年他回来

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了身上穿个道士的衣服拖

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个破鞋子戴个破帽子怪里怪气

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嬉皮笑脸就像前几年那种嬉皮的

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样子他回来劝父亲一块修道去

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这是著名的道家人物学问也非常

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好谭子著了这部化书

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认为宇宙生命的变化自己可以掌握

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人可以永远地活下去他究竟

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仍然活着没有说不定他跑到我们这里

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来我们也不知道后来因为人家

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问他道是怎么样修他就

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写了一首诗也像是

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金刚经的偈子一样很简单的有

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禅宗的境界线作长江扇作

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天靸鞋抛向海东边蓬莱

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此去无多路只在谭生

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拄杖前他说整个的宇宙是

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这么渺小线就像长江扇就

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像天靸鞋就是古代的

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拖鞋鞋子后跟不拉起来踢哩

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踢拉拖起来走靸鞋抛

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向海东边不要了蓬莱是代表

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道家的神仙境界蓬莱此去无

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多路他说那个神仙的境界

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不远就在这里在哪里啊

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他说只在谭生就在我

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的手指手里拿个手杖就

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在这里这个道理也就等于佛

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告诉须菩提应如是住如是降伏其心

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就在这里佛不在西天就在

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你这里不过谭子的化书很

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奇怪讲了化生的道理以后

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由科学再归到哲学由哲学

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再归到政治学讲人生的境界

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及如何教化别人改变别人他认为

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坏的时代坏的世界是可以

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变化过来的他的理论和哲学

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境界非常之高所以讲到中国文化

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这不能说不是中国文化啊中国文化的精华

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我们不能说连个影子都不

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知道啊有色无色的众生

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除了胎生卵生湿生化生四种

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之外另有一种生命为有色是

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有形象有物质可以看见的另

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有一种生命是无色不是我们所

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知也看不见可是它确实的

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存在譬如说鬼吧到底有没有当然

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可以告诉大家确实有的并没有什么

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可怕那是无色的生命跟我们

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阴阳电子不同而已我们姑且讲活鬼

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大家也许没有看过如果到贵州

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云南的边界就可以听到活鬼的

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故事活鬼称为山魈这个山魈我们拿

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佛经来解释就很简单了他

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是若有色若无色的众生他

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有时候给你看见有时候不给你

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看见高兴给你看见就看见不

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高兴就看不见人走到山

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里看到走路的脚印子同我们相反

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脚趾头在后面脚后跟在前面的地方

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就知道有山魈他们非常讲礼貌

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你不要说这是山鬼啊那你

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就吃亏了你要说有山

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先生在这里他会觉得你这个

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人知礼就不会找你麻烦

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这些住在山里的山魈很

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有意思他们有事的时候要跑

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到别人家里借锅子和碗筷他们

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的样子很丑陋矮矮的就像

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人倒着脚走来讲的

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话我们也不懂必须要用

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手去指要借的东西那些

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山里头的人都知道有些坏心眼

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的人却准备一套骗他们的

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准备什么呢纸做的锅纸

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做的碗他就很高兴地

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借回去了结果火上一烧

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就完了可是山魈非常守信用不

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知道他用什么方法有钱人家的

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东西就到他那里去了但是

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他一百英里范围以内不偷的他

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要到外地弄个锅碗来

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还你许多山里的穷人都

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拿这些玩意骗鬼所以鬼不

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可怕而人是真正的坏连

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鬼都要骗有想无想

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的众生另有一类众生是若

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有想有思想感觉另有一类

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众生是若无想没有思想感觉

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细分之下有些生命没有思想没有知觉

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但有感觉另有众生是神

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的境界照佛学的分类神的

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类别太多了小则分为三十多种

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大则分为六十多种再细分析下去

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有几百种神也有他的等次一类

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叫非有想不是没有想但是

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看起来没有想譬如有些人在打坐

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你看他好像不知道可是他

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又知道真知道吗又不知道

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其实世界上还有更多种类的生命

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不过佛法大致归纳为十二类世界上

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的生命有这么多种类唯有人

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很坏但人也最具备一切

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我们不要认为人类是胎生在我

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看来人类具备了十二类生我们是

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胎胞里精虫卵脏的结合所以

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是卵生胎生在妈妈肚子里

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是湿生要青菜萝卜牛肉洋葱

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堆起来才能长大所以也是化生人

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也是有色身体机能有物质可见但是

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讲到人的生命气又不是

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物质了也看不见所以是无色

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有想我们当然有思想有时候我们

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呆住或者没有什么思想笨得

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要死那又入于无想还有

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许多人到达非有想非无

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想的修道境界虽没有成功但

212
00:10:18,774 --> 00:10:20,848
他已经到达了非有想非

213
00:10:20,848 --> 00:10:23,111
无想说到非有想非

214
00:10:23,111 --> 00:10:25,799
无想想到大陆上我曾听说

215
00:10:25,824 --> 00:10:29,037
一两个地方在浙江绍兴的一个小庙子

216
00:10:29,437 --> 00:10:31,774
有一个道士在那里打坐据说坐

217
00:10:31,774 --> 00:10:34,625
了两百多年还坐在那里每到

218
00:10:34,649 --> 00:10:37,174
过年的时候乡下人要来替他

219
00:10:37,199 --> 00:10:39,261
剪一次指甲人坐在那儿没有

220
00:10:39,261 --> 00:10:41,687
死摸摸还有点体温据说是

221
00:10:41,699 --> 00:10:44,136
入定了有些修道的人说他

222
00:10:44,136 --> 00:10:46,250
不是入定是在那个定的境界

223
00:10:46,274 --> 00:10:48,699
出不了神在那个身体躯壳里头

224
00:10:48,986 --> 00:10:51,125
因为修成功了所以出不来

225
00:10:51,312 --> 00:10:54,174
离不开身体另外我还看到过一个

226
00:10:54,199 --> 00:10:56,250
学佛的人据说打坐定力很

227
00:10:56,250 --> 00:10:58,761
深功夫很好已经坐在那里

228
00:10:58,787 --> 00:11:01,449
七八十年也没有死也没有出定

229
00:11:01,899 --> 00:11:04,049
他也不会想什么似乎等于死人

230
00:11:04,062 --> 00:11:06,774
差不多他的背拱起来一块摸

231
00:11:06,774 --> 00:11:09,049
摸那个地方像脉搏一样在跳动

232
00:11:09,412 --> 00:11:12,199
所以有人说他入定了不过一般

233
00:11:12,225 --> 00:11:14,336
学佛修道内行的人也晓得他

234
00:11:14,336 --> 00:11:17,961
出不了神你们年轻人怕打坐走火入魔

235
00:11:18,386 --> 00:11:20,975
像这一类的样子才叫做走火入魔

236
00:11:21,549 --> 00:11:25,750
大家看看自己有没有资格走火入魔所以说

237
00:11:26,049 --> 00:11:29,475
放心啦还差得远呢可是

238
00:11:29,924 --> 00:11:32,350
这也不一定是走火入魔在那一种

239
00:11:32,362 --> 00:11:35,100
情况下这一个生命的存在就

240
00:11:35,100 --> 00:11:37,149
可以说是非有想非无

241
00:11:37,149 --> 00:11:39,987
想的境界所以说在人类这个

242
00:11:40,011 --> 00:11:42,250
生命的小宇宙里所有生物的

243
00:11:42,261 --> 00:11:45,287
生命现象人都具备了只是大家

244
00:11:45,399 --> 00:11:48,386
没有回转来分析自己罢了再根据

245
00:11:48,412 --> 00:11:51,074
谭子化书的道理人可以成仙

246
00:11:51,299 --> 00:11:55,475
成佛成鬼成神人也是可以

247
00:11:55,487 --> 00:11:57,250
变化的一切就看你自己的

248
00:11:57,261 --> 00:12:00,824
智慧了鸿福清福现在佛告诉须菩提

249
00:12:00,824 --> 00:12:04,261
说世界上一切众生之类注意这个之类

250
00:12:04,475 --> 00:12:06,774
佛把它归成十二类生命他

251
00:12:06,774 --> 00:12:09,475
说我皆令入无余涅槃而

252
00:12:09,487 --> 00:12:12,399
灭度之一个学佛的人首先

253
00:12:12,412 --> 00:12:15,011
要发愿立一个志愿救世界上

254
00:12:15,037 --> 00:12:18,549
一切众生因为众生皆在痛苦中都

255
00:12:18,549 --> 00:12:21,725
在烦恼中有富贵功名的人有

256
00:12:21,737 --> 00:12:25,211
富贵功名的痛苦与烦恼贫穷及生老病死

257
00:12:25,211 --> 00:12:28,112
等也都是烦恼讲恋爱有讲

258
00:12:28,112 --> 00:12:31,136
恋爱的烦恼结婚有结婚的烦恼生

259
00:12:31,136 --> 00:12:34,600
孩子有生孩子的烦恼总之人生

260
00:12:34,625 --> 00:12:38,199
随时都在痛苦与烦恼中所谓烦恼比

261
00:12:38,211 --> 00:12:40,836
痛苦的状况轻一点两个名称不同

262
00:12:41,399 --> 00:12:43,574
一个学大乘佛法的人没有先

263
00:12:43,574 --> 00:12:46,362
考虑自己学佛是要成就好去

264
00:12:46,375 --> 00:12:49,399
帮助众生救度他们使他们进入没有

265
00:12:49,412 --> 00:12:52,774
烦恼没有痛苦绝对快乐清净的境界

266
00:12:53,350 --> 00:12:56,237
这个境界叫什么就是无余涅槃

267
00:12:57,100 --> 00:13:00,361
涅槃是个名称不要当成端盘子那个

268
00:13:00,361 --> 00:13:03,412
盘涅槃是梵文音有人翻译成

269
00:13:03,412 --> 00:13:05,662
中文叫它寂灭这样翻译不

270
00:13:05,662 --> 00:13:08,187
恰当后来的人随便使用是不对

271
00:13:08,187 --> 00:13:10,974
的因为寂灭好像很凄凉只有

272
00:13:10,974 --> 00:13:14,899
一个清净其他什么都没有灭掉了寂

273
00:13:14,899 --> 00:13:17,486
是清清净净一点声音都听不到

274
00:13:17,886 --> 00:13:20,236
学佛结果变成学寂灭那不是

275
00:13:20,250 --> 00:13:22,787
很奇怪吗那人生又何必呢

276
00:13:23,350 --> 00:13:25,424
人生本来够苦了再去学

277
00:13:25,424 --> 00:13:29,211
寂灭苦上加苦又不是吃黄连何必

278
00:13:29,211 --> 00:13:32,149
呢后来又有人翻译成圆寂圆满

279
00:13:32,149 --> 00:13:35,399
的清净清净本来是好可是有些

280
00:13:35,399 --> 00:13:38,211
人并不认识清净我经常说

281
00:13:38,450 --> 00:13:41,586
佛法分两种走出世间是清净走

282
00:13:41,586 --> 00:13:45,187
入世间是红尘红尘滚滚这个世界

283
00:13:45,187 --> 00:13:49,761
上都市中都是红尘人世间为什么叫做

284
00:13:49,787 --> 00:13:53,187
红尘呢唐朝的首都在西安交通工具

285
00:13:53,211 --> 00:13:56,062
是马车北方的红土扬起来半空

286
00:13:56,075 --> 00:13:58,500
看见是红颜色的灰尘所以称为

287
00:13:58,524 --> 00:14:01,224
红尘滚滚现在汽车是排的黑

288
00:14:01,224 --> 00:14:03,662
烟爬到观音山顶上看台北

289
00:14:04,024 --> 00:14:07,149
是黑尘滚滚红尘里的人生就

290
00:14:07,149 --> 00:14:10,886
是功名富贵普通叫做享洪福对皇帝

291
00:14:10,899 --> 00:14:13,437
用的洪福齐天因为洪字不好意思写

292
00:14:13,662 --> 00:14:16,537
就写个鸿字其实鸿福这个

293
00:14:16,537 --> 00:14:19,261
字不大好虽然文学境界不错但

294
00:14:19,261 --> 00:14:21,974
有骂人的味道因为鸿像飞鸟

295
00:14:21,986 --> 00:14:23,961
一样飞掉了那还有什么福

296
00:14:23,961 --> 00:14:26,875
啊这个同音字用得不好一般人

297
00:14:26,886 --> 00:14:29,562
不察觉就用下去了清净的

298
00:14:29,562 --> 00:14:32,812
福叫做清福人生鸿福容易享但是

299
00:14:32,825 --> 00:14:36,974
清福却不然没有智慧的人不敢享清福人

300
00:14:36,974 --> 00:14:39,162
到了晚年本来可以享这个清福

301
00:14:39,162 --> 00:14:42,136
了但多数人反而觉得痛苦因为一旦

302
00:14:42,162 --> 00:14:43,825
无事可管他就活不

303
00:14:43,825 --> 00:14:46,774
下去了有许多老朋友到了享清福

304
00:14:46,774 --> 00:14:49,599
的时候他硬是享死了他害怕

305
00:14:49,611 --> 00:14:52,162
那个寂寞什么事都没有了怎么

306
00:14:52,162 --> 00:14:54,537
活啊所以我常告诉青年同学

307
00:14:54,537 --> 00:14:56,886
们一个人先要养成会享受

308
00:14:56,886 --> 00:14:59,412
寂寞那你就差不多了可以了解

309
00:14:59,423 --> 00:15:02,086
人生了才体会到人生更高远

310
00:15:02,086 --> 00:15:04,361
的一层境界这才会看到

311
00:15:04,474 --> 00:15:07,699
鸿福是厌烦的佛经上说一个

312
00:15:07,711 --> 00:15:10,611
学佛的人你首先观察他有没有

313
00:15:10,625 --> 00:15:14,111
发起厌离心也就是说厌烦世间的鸿福

314
00:15:14,375 --> 00:15:16,461
对鸿福有厌离心才是走向

315
00:15:16,486 --> 00:15:19,687
学佛之路说到这里讲一个故事

316
00:15:19,711 --> 00:15:22,361
给大家听明朝有一个人每天

317
00:15:22,375 --> 00:15:25,236
半夜跪在庭院烧香拜天这是中国

318
00:15:25,236 --> 00:15:28,049
的宗教拜天反正佛在天上

319
00:15:28,361 --> 00:15:32,449
神关公观世音都在天上管它

320
00:15:32,473 --> 00:15:36,299
西天东天南天北天都是天

321
00:15:36,636 --> 00:15:39,361
所以他拜天最划得来只要一

322
00:15:39,361 --> 00:15:41,174
支香每一个都拜到了

323
00:15:41,736 --> 00:15:44,687
这人拜了三十年非常诚恳有

324
00:15:44,699 --> 00:15:46,886
一夜感动了一位天神站在

325
00:15:46,886 --> 00:15:50,649
他前面一身发亮放光还好他没有

326
00:15:50,662 --> 00:15:53,961
吓倒这个天神说你天天夜里拜天

327
00:15:54,149 --> 00:15:57,074
很诚恳你要求什么快讲我

328
00:15:57,086 --> 00:15:59,461
马上要走这个人想了一会儿

329
00:15:59,723 --> 00:16:02,037
说我什么都不求只想

330
00:16:02,062 --> 00:16:04,625
一辈子有饭吃有衣服穿不会

331
00:16:04,625 --> 00:16:08,662
穷多几个钱可以一辈子游山玩水没有病痛

332
00:16:08,875 --> 00:16:12,774
无疾而终这个天人听了说哎唷你

333
00:16:12,774 --> 00:16:15,424
求的这个此乃上界神仙之福

334
00:16:15,723 --> 00:16:18,598
你求人世间的功名富贵要官做

335
00:16:18,598 --> 00:16:20,511
得大财发得多都可以

336
00:16:20,524 --> 00:16:23,461
答应你但是上界神仙之清福我

337
00:16:23,461 --> 00:16:25,799
没法子给你要说一个人一生

338
00:16:25,799 --> 00:16:28,324
不愁吃不愁穿有钱用

339
00:16:28,750 --> 00:16:31,062
世界上好地方都逛遍谁做

340
00:16:31,062 --> 00:16:33,861
得到地位高了忙得连听

341
00:16:33,924 --> 00:16:36,611
金刚经都没有时间他哪里有这个

342
00:16:36,625 --> 00:16:40,899
清福呢所以清福最难由此看来

343
00:16:41,250 --> 00:16:43,824
涅槃翻译成寂灭虽然包含了清福

344
00:16:43,824 --> 00:16:46,586
的道理但是在表面上看来一般

345
00:16:46,586 --> 00:16:50,223
人不大容易接受实际上涅槃是个境界

346
00:16:50,424 --> 00:16:52,875
就是涅槃经提出来的常乐

347
00:16:52,875 --> 00:16:56,125
我净的境界也就是说你找到了

348
00:16:56,136 --> 00:16:59,324
这个地方永远不生不灭就是心经上

349
00:16:59,336 --> 00:17:02,824
说的不生不灭不垢不净常乐永远

350
00:17:02,824 --> 00:17:05,848
如此是一个极乐的世界那才是

351
00:17:05,862 --> 00:17:08,412
我我们生命真正的我不是我们

352
00:17:08,412 --> 00:17:12,162
这个几十年肉体卵生胎生湿生

353
00:17:12,574 --> 00:17:15,424
化生会变去的我那个真我

354
00:17:15,449 --> 00:17:18,912
才算净土也就是涅槃的境界罗汉

355
00:17:18,912 --> 00:17:21,750
的涅槃涅槃分两类有余依涅槃

356
00:17:21,773 --> 00:17:24,511
及无余依涅槃罗汉们得道

357
00:17:24,836 --> 00:17:27,237
证得的是有余依涅槃大

358
00:17:27,237 --> 00:17:30,074
阿罗汉入定可以达到八万四千劫之久

359
00:17:30,412 --> 00:17:33,000
现在很难有人相信这种事了关于

360
00:17:33,011 --> 00:17:35,862
此事让我们回溯到唐朝玄奘

361
00:17:35,875 --> 00:17:38,375
法师到印度留学路上的一个传说

362
00:17:38,724 --> 00:17:41,224
但他自己的笔记及大唐西域记

363
00:17:41,224 --> 00:17:44,086
里没有记载当他走过新疆天山

364
00:17:44,099 --> 00:17:47,398
以南到了印度北边靠近喜马拉雅山的

365
00:17:47,511 --> 00:17:50,724
后面一个雪山地方时天气很冷到处

366
00:17:50,724 --> 00:17:53,261
都是雪但是有一个山顶上却

367
00:17:53,273 --> 00:17:56,349
没有雪雪下来也不积留玄奘

368
00:17:56,375 --> 00:17:59,500
很奇怪跑上去看发现地上有

369
00:17:59,511 --> 00:18:01,537
很粗很长的头发他看

370
00:18:01,537 --> 00:18:03,974
了半天认为这里头可能不是这个

371
00:18:04,000 --> 00:18:06,224
劫数的人也许是上一个冰河

372
00:18:06,224 --> 00:18:08,336
时期的人结果真的挖出一个

373
00:18:08,362 --> 00:18:10,849
很高大的人来玄奘法师发现

374
00:18:10,961 --> 00:18:12,686
那是一个打坐的人就用

375
00:18:12,699 --> 00:18:14,273
引磬在他耳朵边上叮叮

376
00:18:14,273 --> 00:18:16,711
叮慢慢地敲这位先生出

377
00:18:16,711 --> 00:18:19,386
定了他说是释迦牟尼佛之前

378
00:18:19,487 --> 00:18:22,549
迦叶佛末法时代的比丘出家自己自修

379
00:18:22,549 --> 00:18:25,311
得定在这里入定等释迦牟尼佛

380
00:18:25,311 --> 00:18:28,398
下世来好向他请教玄奘法师

381
00:18:28,424 --> 00:18:31,549
告诉他释迦牟尼佛已经涅槃了他

382
00:18:31,549 --> 00:18:34,412
说那我再等吧等下

383
00:18:34,412 --> 00:18:37,349
一次弥勒菩萨来吧玄奘法师拖住

384
00:18:37,362 --> 00:18:39,824
他的耳朵说老兄你慢一点

385
00:18:39,836 --> 00:18:43,711
入定这样不是办法你等弥勒菩萨再

386
00:18:43,711 --> 00:18:45,311
来就是要出定找他

387
00:18:45,648 --> 00:18:47,561
谁来通知你出定呢他

388
00:18:47,561 --> 00:18:50,662
说这也对呀玄奘法师说

389
00:18:50,898 --> 00:18:53,574
你有办法出神离开这个身体吗

390
00:18:54,099 --> 00:18:56,686
出神并不容易刚才讲那些修行

391
00:18:56,686 --> 00:18:59,612
人坐了几十年都不出来玄奘

392
00:18:59,625 --> 00:19:01,987
告诉他自己要到印度取经去

393
00:19:02,348 --> 00:19:04,511
叫他到中国去投胎将来做

394
00:19:04,511 --> 00:19:07,174
自己的弟子并且告诉他到了

395
00:19:07,186 --> 00:19:10,412
大唐向那个最大的宫殿去投胎当太子

396
00:19:10,773 --> 00:19:13,599
等他回来于是这个人就出神

397
00:19:13,599 --> 00:19:17,125
走了玄奘二十年后回来见唐太宗

398
00:19:17,148 --> 00:19:19,612
说到此事要找这个来投胎

399
00:19:19,612 --> 00:19:22,311
的太子出家但查遍后宫当天

400
00:19:22,324 --> 00:19:25,398
没有太子出生结果发现武将尉迟恭

401
00:19:25,398 --> 00:19:27,761
家里那天生了一个侄子原来那

402
00:19:27,761 --> 00:19:30,487
罗汉来大唐投胎看见尉迟恭的

403
00:19:30,500 --> 00:19:33,750
王府就错认为皇宫了唐太宗把

404
00:19:33,750 --> 00:19:35,537
尉迟恭找来对他说我

405
00:19:35,537 --> 00:19:38,737
要出家但当皇帝不能出家你

406
00:19:38,737 --> 00:19:40,711
就让你家那个孩子代表我出家

407
00:19:40,711 --> 00:19:44,273
吧玄奘法师想那个罗汉定力那么

408
00:19:44,273 --> 00:19:47,561
高见面时应该认识我岂知罗汉

409
00:19:47,836 --> 00:19:50,237
菩萨也有隔阴之迷投一个

410
00:19:50,237 --> 00:19:53,423
胎就迷掉了对玄奘似曾相识

411
00:19:53,612 --> 00:19:57,436
却搞不清楚皇帝下命令出家当然可以

412
00:19:57,836 --> 00:20:00,261
但有三个条件一车美女服侍

413
00:20:00,261 --> 00:20:03,386
他一车酒肉一车书这

414
00:20:03,386 --> 00:20:05,511
就是后来玄奘法师的唯识传人

415
00:20:05,862 --> 00:20:09,037
窥基法师的故事又称三车法师此

416
00:20:09,037 --> 00:20:11,612
说也许是影射的戏论为什么讲

417
00:20:11,612 --> 00:20:14,400
这个故事呢从这个故事我们就

418
00:20:14,400 --> 00:20:17,075
会了解得到了那个清净一念空

419
00:20:17,075 --> 00:20:20,112
的境界才能够入定而且连身体

420
00:20:20,136 --> 00:20:22,200
都可以忘掉也可以抗拒气候的

421
00:20:22,211 --> 00:20:26,048
变化甚至地球的各种物理变化那个罗汉

422
00:20:26,075 --> 00:20:27,912
是有功力的人一念空

423
00:20:27,912 --> 00:20:30,886
掉就入定了但是念空可不是

424
00:20:30,900 --> 00:20:33,875
住啊大家要特别注意念空

425
00:20:33,900 --> 00:20:36,186
不是住那是假住住在

426
00:20:36,200 --> 00:20:39,075
空上是不究竟的玄奘挖

427
00:20:39,075 --> 00:20:40,636
了来的这个罗汉就是住

428
00:20:40,636 --> 00:20:43,673
在这个空上所以叫做有余依涅槃

429
00:20:44,237 --> 00:20:47,673
余什么习气因为他的习气没有

430
00:20:47,673 --> 00:20:52,125
变所以转胎一来功名富贵美人香

431
00:20:52,125 --> 00:20:55,086
车什么都要这是这个罗汉自己

432
00:20:55,112 --> 00:20:58,261
剩余的习气维摩经上叫做结习未

433
00:20:58,261 --> 00:21:00,686
除有些学道学佛的朋友说

434
00:21:00,987 --> 00:21:04,061
老师你叫我来打坐学佛我

435
00:21:04,061 --> 00:21:06,223
是很高兴就是有一个东西丢

436
00:21:06,223 --> 00:21:08,750
不下我说那你就两

437
00:21:08,750 --> 00:21:11,961
打吧打打牌打打坐都可以

438
00:21:11,973 --> 00:21:14,824
方便因为他这个结习未除也

439
00:21:14,824 --> 00:21:17,750
就叫做有多余依涅槃其实我们

440
00:21:17,761 --> 00:21:19,636
在座有很多打坐的同学都入

441
00:21:19,636 --> 00:21:22,150
了这个涅槃了到这里来法师

442
00:21:22,162 --> 00:21:24,561
把木鱼一敲打坐好好的念头

443
00:21:24,574 --> 00:21:26,811
满空等到两个鞋子下了楼

444
00:21:27,049 --> 00:21:29,287
赶快找地方去打牌啊喝酒啊

445
00:21:29,400 --> 00:21:31,636
就是有多余依涅槃佛的

446
00:21:31,650 --> 00:21:34,386
涅槃有余依涅槃是罗汉境界不

447
00:21:34,386 --> 00:21:37,074
彻底无余依涅槃是佛境界

448
00:21:37,261 --> 00:21:40,112
是非常彻底的佛说学佛的

449
00:21:40,112 --> 00:21:43,650
人第一个发愿使一切众生都成佛都

450
00:21:43,650 --> 00:21:45,511
能够达到我的成就一样令入

451
00:21:45,537 --> 00:21:49,186
无余涅槃而灭度之所以学佛第一

452
00:21:49,186 --> 00:21:52,223
要发愿大乘佛法如果没有这个愿力

453
00:21:52,487 --> 00:21:55,098
学佛是不会成就的如果觉得自己

454
00:21:55,125 --> 00:21:57,875
很痛苦又烦恼没有大乘的愿

455
00:21:57,875 --> 00:22:00,449
力那不是佛法真正的精神因为

456
00:22:00,449 --> 00:22:03,500
这是消极的逃避的连罗汉境界

457
00:22:03,525 --> 00:22:06,711
都谈不上佛的愿力学佛不是为

458
00:22:06,711 --> 00:22:10,549
自己是为一切众生如是灭度无量

459
00:22:10,650 --> 00:22:14,025
无数无边众生实无众生得灭度

460
00:22:14,025 --> 00:22:17,912
者何以故他说学佛要这样

461
00:22:17,924 --> 00:22:21,025
大的愿力要度尽一切众生使他们

462
00:22:21,049 --> 00:22:24,150
解脱痛苦与烦恼痛苦与烦恼是

463
00:22:24,162 --> 00:22:26,625
很难解脱的佛也只告诉我们

464
00:22:26,737 --> 00:22:29,449
解脱烦恼与痛苦的方法解脱是

465
00:22:29,449 --> 00:22:32,311
靠自己不是靠他力佛不过

466
00:22:32,324 --> 00:22:34,537
把他成就的方法告诉我们你

467
00:22:34,537 --> 00:22:37,125
要自己修持才行佛教化救度

468
00:22:37,125 --> 00:22:39,525
了无量无数无边的众生心里并

469
00:22:39,525 --> 00:22:40,961
没有说某一个众生是我度

470
00:22:40,961 --> 00:22:43,473
的绝没有这个观念这是佛的

471
00:22:43,487 --> 00:22:45,549
愿力和胸襟学佛先要学

472
00:22:45,574 --> 00:22:48,824
这个胸襟就是说虽帮助了千千万万人

473
00:22:49,174 --> 00:22:50,811
心中没有一念认为是自己的

474
00:22:50,824 --> 00:22:53,362
功劳佛的境界谦退到极点

475
00:22:53,625 --> 00:22:55,199
他要度尽了一切的众生

476
00:22:55,586 --> 00:22:58,574
而心胸中没有丝毫教化人度人

477
00:22:58,586 --> 00:23:01,674
之念所以佛同其他宗教解释

478
00:23:01,674 --> 00:23:04,250
的教主是不同的佛没有权威性

479
00:23:04,473 --> 00:23:08,061
非常平凡很平实只说你的

480
00:23:08,074 --> 00:23:11,336
成就是你的努力何以故什么

481
00:23:11,336 --> 00:23:14,250
理由要如此呢这是他加重语气

482
00:23:14,824 --> 00:23:18,412
四相和我的观念须菩提若菩萨

483
00:23:18,436 --> 00:23:22,824
有我相人相众生相寿

484
00:23:22,824 --> 00:23:26,674
者相即非菩萨他说须菩提

485
00:23:26,674 --> 00:23:28,612
啊一个学大乘菩萨道的人

486
00:23:28,912 --> 00:23:32,237
心胸里头还有你我他甚至给

487
00:23:32,237 --> 00:23:34,574
了人家好处时这个家伙应该买

488
00:23:34,574 --> 00:23:36,898
买我的交情才对这是世间法

489
00:23:36,898 --> 00:23:39,386
的作风佛法没有给了就给

490
00:23:39,386 --> 00:23:41,711
了要像事如春梦了无痕一样的

491
00:23:41,737 --> 00:23:44,299
忘掉它如果说故意把它忘掉

492
00:23:44,612 --> 00:23:46,662
那就即非菩萨因为你还有

493
00:23:46,662 --> 00:23:50,511
个故意天地生万物天地不占有不

494
00:23:50,511 --> 00:23:53,599
自私所以我常常说道乃天下

495
00:23:53,599 --> 00:23:56,049
之公道不属于谁的告诉你

496
00:23:56,398 --> 00:23:58,412
你拿去吧话又说回来

497
00:23:58,412 --> 00:24:01,237
了既然佛都告诉你了为什么

498
00:24:01,250 --> 00:24:03,787
你不能到达佛的境界呢金刚经

499
00:24:03,787 --> 00:24:06,136
中说到四相相这个字就

500
00:24:06,136 --> 00:24:09,011
是现象文字上是现象依照人

501
00:24:09,011 --> 00:24:11,836
的思想心理来说就是观念我们

502
00:24:11,836 --> 00:24:14,162
人有一种观念就是有人相

503
00:24:14,500 --> 00:24:17,199
总是有你我的观念我相

504
00:24:17,224 --> 00:24:19,011
就是我人相就是众生

505
00:24:19,011 --> 00:24:21,699
相就是现在学术名称所谓社会

506
00:24:21,699 --> 00:24:24,125
人类在佛学的范围都属于人

507
00:24:24,125 --> 00:24:26,961
相众生相我相又分两种

508
00:24:27,237 --> 00:24:29,511
一种是人生命的个体我是

509
00:24:29,511 --> 00:24:33,237
我你是你他是他每个人

510
00:24:33,237 --> 00:24:35,898
是不同的个体一种是属于精神

511
00:24:35,898 --> 00:24:38,299
上的一个学问好的或者是

512
00:24:38,324 --> 00:24:40,974
地位高的年龄大的常看

513
00:24:40,987 --> 00:24:44,324
他人都是小孩子幼稚我现在也常常

514
00:24:44,324 --> 00:24:47,549
犯这个毛病会说你们年轻人懂

515
00:24:47,549 --> 00:24:51,061
什么这是我相因为觉得我嘛

516
00:24:51,612 --> 00:24:55,686
倚老卖老不错倚老卖老是我相但有

517
00:24:55,686 --> 00:24:58,199
许多年轻人倚小卖小那也是

518
00:24:58,211 --> 00:25:00,586
我相更有许多小姐们倚

519
00:25:00,586 --> 00:25:03,311
女卖女的也是我相许多

520
00:25:03,324 --> 00:25:05,724
男孩也有倚男卖男的我

521
00:25:05,724 --> 00:25:09,237
是小孩老师请原谅我说不要

522
00:25:09,237 --> 00:25:11,000
倚小卖小倚男卖男

523
00:25:11,000 --> 00:25:14,125
了这些都是主观成见就是精神

524
00:25:14,125 --> 00:25:16,787
观念上有个我所以文章是

525
00:25:16,799 --> 00:25:19,537
自己的好这是我相本来文章

526
00:25:19,549 --> 00:25:21,287
写完了就完了别人改一下

527
00:25:21,299 --> 00:25:25,125
文章那要命啊心里受不了这都是

528
00:25:25,125 --> 00:25:26,898
因为心理上的我相也叫做

529
00:25:26,912 --> 00:25:29,237
法我见这个法就是精神

530
00:25:29,237 --> 00:25:29,686
的我见

531
00:25:30,099 --> 00:25:32,523
至于众生相是社会一些人类的

532
00:25:32,537 --> 00:25:34,936
范围感觉前排的人同后排的

533
00:25:34,936 --> 00:25:37,525
人只要一坐下来人相我相

534
00:25:37,548 --> 00:25:39,775
就起来了前排的人很讨厌

535
00:25:40,086 --> 00:25:41,936
头太高了坐在我矮子

536
00:25:41,936 --> 00:25:44,549
的前面使我看不见人相

537
00:25:44,549 --> 00:25:46,398
我相一来众生相就来了

538
00:25:46,625 --> 00:25:49,699
唉这个环境布置得不大好管事

539
00:25:49,699 --> 00:25:51,936
的人不大对接着寿者相来了

540
00:25:52,174 --> 00:25:56,886
唉呀空气不好有传染病要短命这个

541
00:25:56,898 --> 00:25:58,711
四相是依根的先由眼

542
00:25:58,711 --> 00:26:00,561
根而来人的烦恼都因

543
00:26:00,574 --> 00:26:03,461
这四相而起鸠摩罗什把它归纳

544
00:26:03,461 --> 00:26:06,974
起来叫做四相玄奘法师的翻译还

545
00:26:06,974 --> 00:26:11,000
加三个成为七相鸠摩罗什把后面三个

546
00:26:11,112 --> 00:26:13,412
统统归入寿者相寿者

547
00:26:13,412 --> 00:26:15,349
相很严重我们人都喜欢活

548
00:26:15,349 --> 00:26:19,648
得长你几岁呀五十八嘿我

549
00:26:19,648 --> 00:26:22,148
六十了你比我小两岁你

550
00:26:22,148 --> 00:26:25,436
几岁啊八十二你比我大几岁

551
00:26:25,700 --> 00:26:27,700
这都是寿者相要我活

552
00:26:27,700 --> 00:26:30,773
得长要我健康长寿每个人来

553
00:26:30,773 --> 00:26:33,474
学打坐乃至在座来学禅的

554
00:26:33,648 --> 00:26:36,900
十个有九个半甚至十个有五双都是

555
00:26:36,912 --> 00:26:38,237
以寿者相的观念来学

556
00:26:38,250 --> 00:26:41,961
打坐的那么这与佛法的金刚经

557
00:26:42,211 --> 00:26:45,061
就大有出入了要注意要去

558
00:26:45,061 --> 00:26:47,650
了这四相完全离开了这四相

559
00:26:47,900 --> 00:26:49,836
才可说是学佛的真正境界

560
00:26:50,400 --> 00:26:52,723
本经的原文佛说这四相

561
00:26:52,912 --> 00:26:55,375
用现在的话来讲这四相是

562
00:26:55,386 --> 00:26:58,537
人类众生共通的牢不可破的顽固的

563
00:26:58,561 --> 00:27:01,473
主观观念要把这个观念破除掉

564
00:27:01,875 --> 00:27:05,136
学佛就差不多了现在佛告诉须菩提

565
00:27:05,525 --> 00:27:07,450
一个学佛的人先要把心胸

566
00:27:07,450 --> 00:27:09,537
愿力放在前头能够为众生

567
00:27:09,548 --> 00:27:12,186
发愿不为自己而是为大家去

568
00:27:12,186 --> 00:27:14,950
努力因为要度众生但又没有

569
00:27:14,950 --> 00:27:17,275
度众生的本事所以要去努力

570
00:27:17,836 --> 00:27:20,037
佛又说你完成学佛的这个

571
00:27:20,037 --> 00:27:22,761
愿望度完了众生自己并没有

572
00:27:22,775 --> 00:27:25,423
觉得度了什么众生三轮体空布施

573
00:27:25,436 --> 00:27:28,537
这一段佛学有一个名称叫做三轮

574
00:27:28,537 --> 00:27:31,037
体空轮者不是车子的轮子

575
00:27:31,612 --> 00:27:34,636
轮是形容词指三个部分就是

576
00:27:34,662 --> 00:27:37,700
施者受者施事这就

577
00:27:37,700 --> 00:27:40,936
是讲布施的重要金刚经现在开始

578
00:27:40,949 --> 00:27:43,625
讲般若了般若的第一个眷属就

579
00:27:43,625 --> 00:27:46,386
是布施刚才这一段已经开始要

580
00:27:46,386 --> 00:27:48,737
讲布施先说明三轮体空的

581
00:27:48,750 --> 00:27:52,061
道理布施有三种第一种财施是

582
00:27:52,074 --> 00:27:54,936
外物的像金钱财物等布施这

583
00:27:54,936 --> 00:27:57,973
叫外布施第二种法施是精神的

584
00:27:58,199 --> 00:28:01,674
如知识传授智慧的启发教育家精神

585
00:28:01,686 --> 00:28:03,912
生命的奉献等都是精神的布施

586
00:28:04,112 --> 00:28:07,449
这种属于内布施第三种是无畏布施

587
00:28:07,836 --> 00:28:10,848
如救苦救难等不管是哪一种布施

588
00:28:11,186 --> 00:28:13,250
施者应该抱持无施的心态

589
00:28:13,561 --> 00:28:15,799
用一种希望他人能够得到益处的

590
00:28:15,811 --> 00:28:18,250
心情来贡献那就是宗教家

591
00:28:18,250 --> 00:28:20,924
的精神了必须要做到施者

592
00:28:20,924 --> 00:28:23,886
无此念无人相无众生相

593
00:28:24,223 --> 00:28:26,650
无寿者相受者也空

594
00:28:26,900 --> 00:28:29,549
施事也空看到人家可怜应该

595
00:28:29,561 --> 00:28:32,662
同情但是同情就是同情布施了

596
00:28:32,686 --> 00:28:34,711
就没有事了忘记了谁接受

597
00:28:34,723 --> 00:28:37,162
我的布施做完了以后事

598
00:28:37,162 --> 00:28:40,436
如春梦了无痕无施者无受者

599
00:28:40,737 --> 00:28:42,973
也无施事这才是佛法布施

600
00:28:42,973 --> 00:28:45,836
的道理所以佛在这个世界上

601
00:28:46,074 --> 00:28:48,311
以师道当人天的师表教化

602
00:28:48,336 --> 00:28:52,386
一切众生救度一切众生度完了他老人家

603
00:28:52,386 --> 00:28:55,699
说再见不来了只是吩咐四个

604
00:28:55,711 --> 00:28:58,311
弟子暂时不要死要留形住

605
00:28:58,311 --> 00:29:01,598
世活着等弥勒菩萨下来佛的这个

606
00:29:01,612 --> 00:29:03,761
精神就是三轮体空的布施

607
00:29:04,336 --> 00:29:06,598
快乐痛苦皆无住这里着重的

608
00:29:06,598 --> 00:29:08,924
是刚才提到的法布施因为须菩提

609
00:29:08,936 --> 00:29:11,598
问到怎么使心妄想烦恼降伏

610
00:29:11,612 --> 00:29:14,924
下去怎么样使自己的心宁静能够

611
00:29:14,924 --> 00:29:17,424
永远安详停留的保持住佛先

612
00:29:17,436 --> 00:29:20,586
答复他就是这样因为须菩提不

613
00:29:20,586 --> 00:29:22,686
懂所以佛接着在下章就

614
00:29:22,686 --> 00:29:24,775
说了一段理由说大乘菩萨道

615
00:29:24,775 --> 00:29:27,125
的修行方法也包括精神的生命

616
00:29:27,449 --> 00:29:29,574
应无所住行于布施任何

617
00:29:29,574 --> 00:29:31,650
事情一做便休无所住

618
00:29:32,211 --> 00:29:35,799
应该无所住行于布施这个叫修行你

619
00:29:35,799 --> 00:29:37,848
心理的行为随时做到无所住

620
00:29:38,186 --> 00:29:41,011
一切都布施都丢开了这是我们

621
00:29:41,037 --> 00:29:43,987
普通的话都丢掉了禅宗经常

622
00:29:43,987 --> 00:29:47,449
用一句话放下就是丢掉了做

623
00:29:47,449 --> 00:29:50,511
了好事马上须要丢掉这是菩萨道

624
00:29:50,811 --> 00:29:53,561
相反的有痛苦的事情也是要

625
00:29:53,574 --> 00:29:56,487
丢掉有些人说好事我可以丢

626
00:29:56,487 --> 00:29:59,273
得就是痛苦丢不掉啊实际上

627
00:29:59,625 --> 00:30:01,625
好事跟痛苦是一体的两面而已

628
00:30:01,974 --> 00:30:05,112
一个是手背一个是手心假使说

629
00:30:05,474 --> 00:30:07,824
好事他能够真丢开的话痛苦来

630
00:30:07,836 --> 00:30:10,912
一样可以丢开所以痛苦也是一个很

631
00:30:10,912 --> 00:30:13,511
好的测验如果一个人碰到烦恼

632
00:30:13,761 --> 00:30:16,561
痛苦逆境的时候丢不开说

633
00:30:16,561 --> 00:30:18,436
他碰到好事能丢得开那

634
00:30:18,436 --> 00:30:21,523
是不可能的儒家经常告诫人不要

635
00:30:21,537 --> 00:30:24,924
得意忘形这是很难做到的一个人发

636
00:30:24,924 --> 00:30:27,375
了财有了地位有了年龄

637
00:30:27,612 --> 00:30:29,849
或者有了学问自然气势就很

638
00:30:29,849 --> 00:30:33,750
高得意忘形了所以人做到得意不忘形

639
00:30:33,761 --> 00:30:36,375
很难但是以我的经验还发现

640
00:30:36,386 --> 00:30:39,574
另一面有许多人是失意忘形这种

641
00:30:39,574 --> 00:30:41,987
人可以在功名富贵的时候修养蛮

642
00:30:41,987 --> 00:30:44,561
好一到了没得功名富贵玩的时候

643
00:30:44,750 --> 00:30:47,362
就都完了都变了自己觉得

644
00:30:47,474 --> 00:30:49,686
自己都矮了都小了变成

645
00:30:49,711 --> 00:30:54,662
失意忘形所以得意忘形与失意忘形同样都是

646
00:30:54,686 --> 00:30:58,211
没有修养都是不够的换句话说是心

647
00:30:58,211 --> 00:31:00,662
有所住有所住就被一个东西

648
00:31:00,674 --> 00:31:03,574
困住了你就不能学佛了真正

649
00:31:03,586 --> 00:31:06,586
学佛法并不是叫你崇拜偶像并不是

650
00:31:06,599 --> 00:31:08,523
叫你迷信应无所住而

651
00:31:08,523 --> 00:31:11,836
行布施是解脱是大解脱一切

652
00:31:11,836 --> 00:31:14,287
事情物来则应过去不留

653
00:31:14,836 --> 00:31:16,799
等于现在引磬一敲下楼就

654
00:31:16,799 --> 00:31:22,000
是下楼金刚经还是归金刚经你还是你如此

655
00:31:22,023 --> 00:31:24,549
应无所住转化十二类生有

656
00:31:24,549 --> 00:31:26,625
一位同学提出来说很多年

657
00:31:26,625 --> 00:31:28,261
前也曾经听我讲过这

658
00:31:28,261 --> 00:31:30,724
一段除了我前面讲过的好像

659
00:31:30,737 --> 00:31:34,023
还有进一步的道理其实所谓进一步的

660
00:31:34,037 --> 00:31:36,336
道理就是这个境界就是有

661
00:31:36,336 --> 00:31:39,398
愿力一个大乘菩萨发愿及菩萨行

662
00:31:39,574 --> 00:31:42,324
应该是救尽天下苍生而自觉

663
00:31:42,336 --> 00:31:44,811
没有做什么救苍生的事情一个

664
00:31:44,811 --> 00:31:47,523
人救人利人是应该的假使

665
00:31:47,537 --> 00:31:50,549
心中还有利人救世度人之念

666
00:31:50,811 --> 00:31:53,273
已经不是菩萨道了这是指外面

667
00:31:53,287 --> 00:31:56,974
行愿方面内心修持更须这样我们

668
00:31:56,974 --> 00:31:58,849
自己学佛是求戒定慧的

669
00:31:58,862 --> 00:32:01,686
究竟可是大家在修持方面或者在

670
00:32:01,711 --> 00:32:03,537
静坐方面都是在著相

671
00:32:04,099 --> 00:32:06,523
譬如许多人为了身体的健康学

672
00:32:06,523 --> 00:32:10,261
各种的方法打坐守窍修气脉转动

673
00:32:10,586 --> 00:32:12,900
实际上已经都落入寿者相了

674
00:32:13,186 --> 00:32:16,174
接着我相人相众生相也

675
00:32:16,174 --> 00:32:19,136
都跟着而来学佛的成就当然

676
00:32:19,136 --> 00:32:21,461
不会大了又如修净土念佛

677
00:32:21,461 --> 00:32:23,523
的朋友们假使念一句佛号

678
00:32:23,862 --> 00:32:26,436
观念里头或下意识中附带有我

679
00:32:26,436 --> 00:32:29,487
相人相众生相寿者相

680
00:32:29,487 --> 00:32:31,599
的情况那也不能得到究竟的

681
00:32:31,612 --> 00:32:35,299
成就举凡这些都是要修行人自己

682
00:32:35,311 --> 00:32:38,200
细心检查心念才会发现关于卵

683
00:32:38,200 --> 00:32:41,886
生湿生化生胎生等我们上

684
00:32:41,886 --> 00:32:44,500
一次也分析过人的生命里头

685
00:32:44,849 --> 00:32:47,148
本身内在就具备有这十二类生

686
00:32:47,711 --> 00:32:50,061
人活在这个世界上几十年或者

687
00:32:50,086 --> 00:32:53,261
一百年大部分时间并不是为自己活着的

688
00:32:53,825 --> 00:32:55,950
我们仔细分析一个人活着是为了

689
00:32:55,961 --> 00:32:58,974
面子为了漂亮人生时常是做给

690
00:32:58,987 --> 00:33:00,974
人家看或者做给儿女看的

691
00:33:01,537 --> 00:33:03,648
当年有一个同学告诉我父母盯

692
00:33:03,648 --> 00:33:05,950
得很紧他生气了因为他

693
00:33:05,950 --> 00:33:09,136
是个独生子他告诉父母你少盯

694
00:33:09,136 --> 00:33:10,875
一点好不好否则我不给你

695
00:33:10,886 --> 00:33:13,900
念书了这个话也对啊现在

696
00:33:13,900 --> 00:33:16,673
的青年考联考好像都是为了父母

697
00:33:16,886 --> 00:33:20,112
为社会为家庭人是很可怜

698
00:33:20,112 --> 00:33:22,798
的活了一辈子一天吃三碗饭

699
00:33:23,125 --> 00:33:25,586
只有十分之三是为自己生命所需

700
00:33:25,598 --> 00:33:28,625
而吃其余大部分是供养自己身体

701
00:33:28,625 --> 00:33:31,037
中的卵生湿生化生吃

702
00:33:31,037 --> 00:33:34,011
的肠子里有蛔虫身体中有

703
00:33:34,037 --> 00:33:37,548
各种细菌所以宇宙中所有的一切众生

704
00:33:37,875 --> 00:33:39,836
及各种的现象在我们人体的

705
00:33:39,848 --> 00:33:43,075
内部都统统有了所以说人体

706
00:33:43,098 --> 00:33:45,636
是个小宇宙左眼是太阳是

707
00:33:45,636 --> 00:33:48,723
阳右眼是月亮是阴我们

708
00:33:48,723 --> 00:33:50,750
身上的大小肠就是身体中

709
00:33:50,750 --> 00:33:54,500
的江河海洋西游记叫它是无底洞

710
00:33:54,673 --> 00:33:56,987
吃下去漏出来永远填不满的

711
00:33:57,011 --> 00:33:59,450
无底洞又如身体上有骨骼的

712
00:33:59,461 --> 00:34:03,086
地方就是山崖岩石人体内部又

713
00:34:03,086 --> 00:34:05,375
有种种的生命每一个细胞就

714
00:34:05,375 --> 00:34:08,612
是一个生命包括精虫卵脏等等这些

715
00:34:08,724 --> 00:34:11,574
都与禅定有关真正的修持

716
00:34:11,887 --> 00:34:14,487
得定者初禅念住杂念妄想

717
00:34:14,512 --> 00:34:17,474
没有了二禅气住所谓打通

718
00:34:17,487 --> 00:34:20,425
气脉外表呼吸停掉了三禅

719
00:34:20,425 --> 00:34:23,211
脉住脉搏不跳动了连心脏

720
00:34:23,211 --> 00:34:25,936
跳动都非常缓慢四禅才是舍

721
00:34:25,936 --> 00:34:28,811
念清净整个的身心丢开了没有

722
00:34:28,811 --> 00:34:31,125
感受但是要想达到气住脉

723
00:34:31,125 --> 00:34:33,286
停的定境必须先把自己身体

724
00:34:33,286 --> 00:34:36,650
上卵生湿生胎生化生

725
00:34:36,650 --> 00:34:39,262
等十二种类整个变化了才行

726
00:34:39,525 --> 00:34:41,400
就是儒家所讲的变化气质

727
00:34:41,974 --> 00:34:44,349
假使我们这个色身没有转化而

728
00:34:44,349 --> 00:34:46,461
想修持得定是决不可能的

729
00:34:47,025 --> 00:34:50,199
所以这位同学别说我讲这一面认为

730
00:34:50,300 --> 00:34:52,836
我还留了一手实际上这一面

731
00:34:52,862 --> 00:34:55,074
是讲实际功夫几乎没有人相信

732
00:34:55,650 --> 00:34:58,349
普通金刚经这一段讲过去就算了

733
00:34:58,599 --> 00:35:00,925
现在既然有人指出来已经留不住

734
00:35:00,925 --> 00:35:02,612
了这一手也要露一露

735
00:35:02,836 --> 00:35:05,775
大概就是这样这是补充第三分说

736
00:35:05,800 --> 00:35:08,637
三十二品偈颂另外有人提出来说我

737
00:35:08,637 --> 00:35:11,436
曾写过金刚经三十二品的偈颂本来

738
00:35:11,449 --> 00:35:13,474
我不想讲因为这是四十年前的

739
00:35:13,474 --> 00:35:15,936
事了那时我在峨眉山上闭关

740
00:35:16,275 --> 00:35:18,137
不要说人看不到一个鬼

741
00:35:18,137 --> 00:35:20,137
影子也看不到一个尤其到

742
00:35:20,137 --> 00:35:22,512
了秋后大雪封山连猴子都爬

743
00:35:22,512 --> 00:35:24,550
不上了人要下山很容易

744
00:35:24,911 --> 00:35:27,536
就是西方人的滑雪弄两根木棍

745
00:35:27,811 --> 00:35:30,637
屁股上包一些树皮随便这么一

746
00:35:30,637 --> 00:35:33,811
溜就下来一泻千里要想上去啊

747
00:35:34,375 --> 00:35:38,211
只好等明年春天了有一天晚上没事藏经

748
00:35:38,211 --> 00:35:41,224
中抽出金刚经来看也不晓得着

749
00:35:41,224 --> 00:35:43,637
了什么道一下子高兴起来又感动

750
00:35:43,637 --> 00:35:47,750
万分不由自主的一夜之间把金刚经的三十二品

751
00:35:47,961 --> 00:35:50,936
作了三十二个偈子说明这个道理后来

752
00:35:50,961 --> 00:35:53,574
下山以后有人传出来了不过到

753
00:35:53,574 --> 00:35:55,786
了台湾连原稿也掉了因为

754
00:35:55,786 --> 00:35:58,050
我平常的习惯自己作的东西

755
00:35:58,161 --> 00:36:00,286
随手就忘了这一点虽

756
00:36:00,286 --> 00:36:03,275
是坏处但也是好处就是可以修道

757
00:36:03,536 --> 00:36:05,411
过了就丢所以说入无余

758
00:36:05,425 --> 00:36:07,425
涅槃而灭度之一切都把它

759
00:36:07,436 --> 00:36:09,650
空掉了另外我也不太

760
00:36:09,650 --> 00:36:12,199
记这些东西也是懒得介绍这些东西

761
00:36:12,762 --> 00:36:15,375
譬如在大学上课很多同学问我

762
00:36:15,762 --> 00:36:18,650
老师你有什么著作我也搞不清楚

763
00:36:18,650 --> 00:36:20,949
我有什么著作也没有观念去

764
00:36:20,961 --> 00:36:24,086
推销现在同学们提起来这个偈子

765
00:36:24,311 --> 00:36:26,961
就顺便说一下不过我那个三十二首

766
00:36:26,961 --> 00:36:29,536
偈子比你们联考作得快三十二品

767
00:36:29,536 --> 00:36:31,661
的意义一夜之间把它用禅与

768
00:36:31,661 --> 00:36:33,974
佛的道理说完了第一首偈子

769
00:36:34,074 --> 00:36:36,898
法会因由分大概是这样子第一品

770
00:36:36,911 --> 00:36:38,536
偈颂缁衣换却冕旒

771
00:36:38,536 --> 00:36:41,961
轻托钵千家汗漫行何事劳生终

772
00:36:41,961 --> 00:36:45,137
草草蒲团洗尽旅途情缁衣

773
00:36:45,137 --> 00:36:47,175
换却冕旒轻缁衣就

774
00:36:47,175 --> 00:36:49,023
是和尚们穿的衣服印度的

775
00:36:49,036 --> 00:36:51,898
规矩出家人穿染色的衣服高尚

776
00:36:51,911 --> 00:36:54,250
平民穿白的衣服所以现在我们

777
00:36:54,262 --> 00:36:56,925
写信给出家人时下面往往自称白衣

778
00:36:56,936 --> 00:36:59,925
某某表示自己是白衣居士出家人的

779
00:36:59,936 --> 00:37:01,987
衣服染了颜色就称缁衣

780
00:37:02,324 --> 00:37:05,286
就是说释迦牟尼佛出家了穿了一件

781
00:37:05,311 --> 00:37:07,898
和尚衣皇帝戴的那个皇冠是

782
00:37:07,898 --> 00:37:10,237
冕旒中国人戴的称天冠

783
00:37:10,523 --> 00:37:12,936
前面还挂些珠子之类这一

784
00:37:12,936 --> 00:37:14,961
句的意思是说皇帝不当了

785
00:37:15,237 --> 00:37:18,224
换句话说如果一个人能够丢掉帝王富贵

786
00:37:18,561 --> 00:37:20,586
能够放得下一切才够资格

787
00:37:20,599 --> 00:37:24,224
学佛像释迦牟尼佛一样皇帝的那个

788
00:37:24,237 --> 00:37:27,550
皇冠随便把它甩掉托钵千家汗

789
00:37:27,550 --> 00:37:30,661
漫行然后以释迦牟尼佛的身份还

790
00:37:30,661 --> 00:37:33,786
出来化缘呢不管穷人家里什么人

791
00:37:33,800 --> 00:37:36,699
家里都去化缘何事劳生终草草

792
00:37:37,099 --> 00:37:40,987
我们人生为什么劳劳碌碌佛学名词叫做劳生

793
00:37:41,262 --> 00:37:45,286
一辈子在劳苦中忙忙碌碌一辈子最后莫名其妙

794
00:37:45,286 --> 00:37:47,750
的来莫名其妙的就走了所以

795
00:37:47,750 --> 00:37:50,487
是何事劳生终草草蒲团洗尽

796
00:37:50,512 --> 00:37:54,061
旅途情旅途是人的一生看来人生没有

797
00:37:54,074 --> 00:37:56,811
别的好事只有蒲团一个两腿一

798
00:37:56,811 --> 00:38:00,949
盘万念皆空最好这是法会因由当时作

799
00:38:00,949 --> 00:38:03,750
的第一首偈子当然这个文字我自己

800
00:38:03,750 --> 00:38:06,699
也看不上不过有时候想想现在叫

801
00:38:06,699 --> 00:38:08,875
我再作一夜之间还作不出来

802
00:38:09,125 --> 00:38:11,523
人生就是那么怪第二品偈颂

803
00:38:11,550 --> 00:38:14,686
第二首是善现启请分善现就

804
00:38:14,686 --> 00:38:17,925
是须菩提须菩提起来问问题佛答复

805
00:38:17,925 --> 00:38:22,074
他善护念善护念是个要点如是住

806
00:38:22,375 --> 00:38:24,711
如是降服其心就这样定住

807
00:38:24,987 --> 00:38:27,737
就是这样把烦恼降服下去万象

808
00:38:27,750 --> 00:38:29,336
都缘一念波护心哪

809
00:38:29,336 --> 00:38:31,436
用修多罗岩中宴坐已

810
00:38:31,436 --> 00:38:33,411
多事况起多余问什么

811
00:38:34,099 --> 00:38:36,023
万象都缘一念波人生的

812
00:38:36,023 --> 00:38:38,375
烦恼和一切痛苦就是一念

813
00:38:38,711 --> 00:38:41,798
没有第二念千千万万不同的现象就

814
00:38:41,798 --> 00:38:44,675
是一念动了像大海水平水

815
00:38:44,686 --> 00:38:46,737
无波忽起一个波浪一点动

816
00:38:47,061 --> 00:38:49,711
千万点烦恼就跟着来了所以说

817
00:38:49,824 --> 00:38:52,112
万象都缘一念波护心

818
00:38:52,137 --> 00:38:55,012
哪用修多罗佛不是告诉他

819
00:38:55,112 --> 00:38:58,273
善护念吗真正的善护念何必

820
00:38:58,273 --> 00:39:01,512
用佛经呢修多罗就是佛经梵文

821
00:39:01,512 --> 00:39:03,974
名称就是素怛览真正悟

822
00:39:03,974 --> 00:39:05,925
了道的人不看佛经也

823
00:39:05,936 --> 00:39:08,449
一样此心平静所以说护心

824
00:39:08,474 --> 00:39:11,474
哪用修多罗第三句先要说明

825
00:39:11,474 --> 00:39:13,987
一个典故须菩提是佛的十大

826
00:39:14,000 --> 00:39:17,186
弟子之一佛经上记载有一天他跑

827
00:39:17,186 --> 00:39:19,224
到一个崖洞里宴坐什么是

828
00:39:19,237 --> 00:39:22,224
宴坐呢注意啊大家要学

829
00:39:22,250 --> 00:39:25,875
打坐的注意啊尤其是老同学们不依

830
00:39:25,875 --> 00:39:28,849
身不依心不观这个身心不依

831
00:39:28,875 --> 00:39:31,686
亦不依这个样子才叫宴坐也就是

832
00:39:31,699 --> 00:39:34,048
打坐你看我们大家坐在那里

833
00:39:34,387 --> 00:39:36,936
又听呼吸又练腿又练

834
00:39:36,936 --> 00:39:39,699
气功统统在身上搞不然就搞

835
00:39:39,711 --> 00:39:42,987
念头像水上按葫芦一样这边这个扑隆

836
00:39:42,987 --> 00:39:45,099
咚才按下去那边那个又浮

837
00:39:45,099 --> 00:39:47,949
上来这边念头冒上来一个那边又

838
00:39:47,949 --> 00:39:50,400
来一个真正的入定是不依身

839
00:39:50,599 --> 00:39:53,112
也不依心但是不依是个空的

840
00:39:53,125 --> 00:39:56,762
境界还是不对所以不依亦不依这

841
00:39:56,762 --> 00:39:59,487
才叫做宴坐须菩提有一天在岩中

842
00:39:59,500 --> 00:40:03,936
宴坐什么都没有忽然空中天女散花供养天花掉

843
00:40:03,936 --> 00:40:06,737
了下来大概须菩提正好张开心眼吧

844
00:40:07,298 --> 00:40:10,824
不然怎么知道天花掉下来呢须菩提就

845
00:40:10,824 --> 00:40:13,775
问哪一个在散花供养空中有

846
00:40:13,775 --> 00:40:16,086
个声音说是我呀我是

847
00:40:16,099 --> 00:40:20,025
天人天神因为尊者在此说法所以

848
00:40:20,025 --> 00:40:23,211
我空中散花供养须菩提说我

849
00:40:23,224 --> 00:40:26,574
没有说法啊这个天人说善哉

850
00:40:27,137 --> 00:40:29,436
善哉尊者以不说而

851
00:40:29,436 --> 00:40:31,911
说我们以不听而听因此

852
00:40:32,237 --> 00:40:34,625
我们要供养这是说到须菩提的

853
00:40:34,637 --> 00:40:37,161
一段故事岩中宴坐已多事

854
00:40:37,461 --> 00:40:39,786
你那个打坐入定已经很多事了

855
00:40:40,099 --> 00:40:42,025
道就在这里菩提就在这里

856
00:40:42,286 --> 00:40:45,099
打坐不打坐都在菩提中你在那里

857
00:40:45,112 --> 00:40:48,012
打坐装模作样已经够多事了况起

858
00:40:48,025 --> 00:40:51,175
多余问什么这一下又来问金刚经

859
00:40:51,387 --> 00:40:55,000
佛啊如何住啊如何降伏其

860
00:40:55,000 --> 00:40:57,775
心这就是禅的道理当下

861
00:40:57,800 --> 00:41:00,300
可以了解了大家当下都可以入

862
00:41:00,300 --> 00:41:03,324
无余涅槃而灭度之了第三品偈颂

863
00:41:03,324 --> 00:41:06,050
第三分叫做大乘正宗分就是刚才

864
00:41:06,061 --> 00:41:09,061
讲的胎生卵生湿生化

865
00:41:09,061 --> 00:41:11,512
生入无余依涅槃而灭度

866
00:41:11,512 --> 00:41:14,474
之四相初生四象殊羲皇

867
00:41:14,487 --> 00:41:17,099
以上一无无剧怜多少修途

868
00:41:17,099 --> 00:41:19,824
客寿我迷人犹讳愚四

869
00:41:19,824 --> 00:41:21,811
相初生四象殊我们大家都

870
00:41:21,811 --> 00:41:24,750
知道佛家有四相人相我

871
00:41:24,750 --> 00:41:28,262
相众生相寿者相等于易经

872
00:41:28,262 --> 00:41:30,425
的四象易经也讲四象

873
00:41:30,686 --> 00:41:35,711
老阴老阳少阴少阳四象拿空间

874
00:41:35,724 --> 00:41:39,461
来讲东西南北也是四象人生统统被

875
00:41:39,487 --> 00:41:42,061
现象所困四相初生的这个四相

876
00:41:42,324 --> 00:41:44,286
同易经的四象就有差别

877
00:41:44,561 --> 00:41:47,824
一念一动外境界就有差别了羲皇

878
00:41:47,836 --> 00:41:50,824
以上一无无我们中国文化开始的时候

879
00:41:51,025 --> 00:41:54,425
伏羲画八卦一画开天地当这个一

880
00:41:54,425 --> 00:41:57,300
还没有画动以前天地没有宇宙

881
00:41:57,324 --> 00:42:00,461
还是空的伏羲画卦以后天地开辟

882
00:42:00,461 --> 00:42:03,675
了羲皇以上是讲形而上道万法

883
00:42:03,699 --> 00:42:05,637
本来空的既是空就不必去

884
00:42:05,637 --> 00:42:08,050
用功夫求了我们现在很可怜

885
00:42:08,449 --> 00:42:10,836
大家学佛拼命去求空这岂不

886
00:42:10,836 --> 00:42:14,199
是背道而驰吗既然空你求得到

887
00:42:14,199 --> 00:42:16,800
吗能求到的就不是空

888
00:42:16,800 --> 00:42:19,775
了所以说羲皇以上一无无

889
00:42:20,099 --> 00:42:23,411
什么都没有剧怜多少修途客剧

890
00:42:23,411 --> 00:42:26,311
怜是最可怜多少在修行路上

891
00:42:26,336 --> 00:42:28,050
走的这些人都在求寿者

892
00:42:28,050 --> 00:42:30,362
相多活几年修个果位

893
00:42:30,550 --> 00:42:32,599
都在四相里头滚自己还以为

894
00:42:32,625 --> 00:42:34,824
是在修道寿我迷人犹讳

895
00:42:34,824 --> 00:42:38,461
愚自己在四相里头滚自欺欺人还

896
00:42:38,461 --> 00:42:40,949
以为高明得很别人都不行看

897
00:42:40,949 --> 00:42:43,849
不通只有自己看通了其实

898
00:42:44,237 --> 00:42:46,675
自己那么笨还忌讳自己的愚蠢

899
00:42:47,000 --> 00:42:49,086
自认为最聪明在修行学佛呢